Nanobody-based recombinant antivenom for cobra, mamba and rinkhals bites

Construction of an immune V_HH-displaying phage library

Immune V_HH-displaying phage libraries were constructed at the VIB nanobody core (Brussels, Belgium) as described²⁰. To generate V_HH-displaying phage libraries, 1 alpaca and 1 llama were injected subcutaneously at bi-weekly intervals across 8 time points with increasing doses of venom mixtures from the 18 most medically relevant elapid snakes in sub-Saharan Africa: D. angusticeps, D. jamesoni, D. polylepis, D. viridis, N. anchietae, N. annulifera, N. ashei, N. haje, N. katiensis, N….